Through periodicals, writers and editors debated religion, gender, nationalism, philology and race, and promoted their visions of a new Ireland. Nationalists, unionists, suffragists, syndicalists, theosophists and other ideologues derided their opponents and upheld their alternative Irelands. Exploring reactions towards subjects such as sport, music, literature, censorship and race provides us with a greater understanding of how post-independence Ireland was shaped by the debates of 1912. [Subject: Irish Studies, History, Irish Periodicals, Irish Media, Irish Nationalism]